Why hydraulic machines are called force multipliers?

Answer 1

Consider a hydraulic machine such as a press. The pump in one of these machines might produce a pressure of, say, 500 pounds per square inch. Let's say that the pump pushes fluid through a tube with a cross-sectional area of one square inch so that the pump is producing a force of 500 pounds over one square inch. The fluid that it pumps might go into a cylinder with an area of say, 100 square inches where the fluid can push on a piston. Now each square inch of the piston undergoes a force of 500 pounds for a total force on the piston of 500 x 100 = 50,000 pounds. It is as if the force has been multiplied from the 500 that the pump produces to 50,000.

Answer 2

pressurized gases

pressurized gases or fluids pushing on surfaces of different sizes, or using pumps to increase the pressure of the fluid and resulting forces.

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Liquid levers

Consider a hydraulic cylinder (cross sectional area 50 sq mm) fully extended and

connected by a line to a fully back cylinder ( cross sectional area 100 sq mm), apply a force of 500 newtons to the rod of the smaller cylinder, creating a pressure of :

(500 / 50) = 10 n / sq mm

This pressure is transmitted to the larger cylinder but acts over a larger piston area, so ,

force = pressure * area

force = 10 * 100

force from larger cylinder = 1000 newtons

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So the force has doubled, but the larger cylinder piston will only move half as far as the smaller cylinder.

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Input force * distance = output force * distance

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Output force = input force * (output area / input area)

Answer 3

Hydraulic machines are called force multipliers because they use the principles of fluid pressure to amplify input force. By exerting pressure on a confined fluid, these machines can create a significantly higher output force, making them capable of performing tasks that would otherwise require much greater physical effort. This allows for more efficient and powerful operations in various industrial and mechanical applications.

Answer 4

input pressure X area = output pressure X area