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Theoretically it isn't. Gravity is an extremely weak force (consider that a common fridge magnet can overcome the gravitational attraction of the entire Earth) compared to the electromagnetic force (which is the union between the electric and magnetic forces).

Why then is gravity dominant at large scales? The reason is that you cannot stop gravity. Gravity only adds to itself. Electromagnetism on the other hand couples to charged particles so you can negate the electromagnetic force by adding opposite charges.

So what happens is the following. Imagine you have some powerful positive charge somewhere in the Universe. That charge would very quickly attract negative charges from the area around it. After a while the entire positive charge would be covered by negative charges and the total charge would be zero.

Thus the Universe is largely electrically neutral; there are no isolated charges in the Universe. As such there are no charges for the electromagnetic force to act on. This is what practically causes the electromagnetic force to vanish at large scales (this is called charge shielding by the way) whilst the gravitational force does not. So at large scales gravity dominates.

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11y ago
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13y ago

No matter how far apart two objects are, the gravitational force between them never completely disappears. As a result, gravity is called a long-range force

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Q: Why is gravity called a long-range force?
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