Basically, light is NOT a mechanical wave, which would require matter; it is an electromagnetic wave, which means that disturbances in the electric field and the magnetic field propagate. This requires no matter; such fields exist - and can propagate - in empty space.
Yes they can. Sunlight is just such a wave!
A wave
Never. Sound propagates as longitudinal waves which are a kind of mechanical waves. These waves require a medium for them to pass. The medium can be either solid, liquid or gaseous. Thus, in empty space i.e. vacuum, sound can never pass.
Light passes through the vacuum of outer space as it travels from the sun to the Earth. It does not require a medium such as air or water to propagate.
Light waves do not require a medium through which to travel. They will travel (propagate) perfectly well in a vacuum. Otherwise, light would not pass through the vacuum of space. It would be very dark here on earth as the light from the sun, moon and stars could not reach Earth through the vacuum of space.
No.
Just like visible light, UV (ultraviolett) light can also pass through empty space, or air.
Yes, gamma rays can travel through empty space because they are a form of electromagnetic radiation like light. They are the most energetic form of electromagnetic radiation and can pass through most materials, including empty space, due to their high penetrating power.
A vacuum
Yes they can. Sunlight is just such a wave!
A wave
It depends on what radiation you are talking about. Electromagnetic waves (this includes visible light) are waves in the electric and magnetic field of space; transmitting this as a wave requires no atoms, just space itself.
Never. Sound propagates as longitudinal waves which are a kind of mechanical waves. These waves require a medium for them to pass. The medium can be either solid, liquid or gaseous. Thus, in empty space i.e. vacuum, sound can never pass.
radiation
Light energy, like from the sun.
Light and radio waves are able to pass through the vacuum of space because they are forms of electromagnetic radiation that do not require a medium to travel through. While space may seem empty, it is filled with electromagnetic fields that can propagate these waves. The ability of light and radio waves to travel through space is a result of their wave-like nature rather than evidence of a tangible "somethingness" in space.
Light travels through two things: either empty space, or space which contains transparent materials. Some paterials are only partially transparent or translucent, in which case some light does travel through it, but not all the light will get through.