Ray flowers, which are the outer flowers in a composite flower head (such as in daisies), are typically sterile and do not produce seeds. Their primary function is to attract pollinators with their vibrant colors and larger petal structures. In contrast, the disk flowers in the center of the flower head are usually fertile and capable of producing seeds. This arrangement helps ensure effective pollination and reproduction in these plants.
Sterile ones, like most of the corn grown today (in the US).
Composite Family
daisy
A sunflower is a common example of a flower that consists of a cluster of tightly packed ray flowers around the edge and disk flowers in the center.
As the flowers are grown for decoration and are sterile, they don't make great eating.
Yes, ray flowers are often mistaken for petals because they appear petal-like in many daisy-like plants (Asteraceae family). However, ray flowers are actually modified flowers that serve to attract pollinators, while true petals are part of a flower's reproductive structure. In essence, ray flowers contribute to the overall appearance of the flower head but are distinct from the traditional petals found in other flowering plants.
In composite flowers, ray flowers are typically located around the edge of the flower head and have petal-like structures that are often elongated and colorful, aiding in attracting pollinators. In contrast, disc flowers are found in the center of the flower head and are usually tubular, serving a reproductive function by producing seeds. Together, these types of flowers contribute to the composite's overall structure and reproductive strategy, with ray flowers primarily attracting pollinators and disc flowers facilitating reproduction.
Orchids are a common example of flowers with staminodes. In these flowers, the staminodes are modified sterile stamens that often serve to attract pollinators. Other examples include some species of lilies and irises.
Chrysanthemums have two types of flowers on the flower head: disk and ray flowers. The amount of petals vary by cultivar.
Disc and ray florets
daisy
ray flowerdisk flowerare the two types of flowers that make up a daisy.