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Carbon dioxide is necessary to maintaining the breathing rate in humans. When oxygen is utilized, the waste (carbon dioxide) is transported in the blood as dissolved bicarbonate. However, the presence of CO2 (carbon dioxide) in the blood causes it to become more acidic. Chemoreceptors in the blood monitor blood acidity and report to the the medulla area of the brain. If the chemoreceptors and the medulla evaluate that the acidity is too high, the medulla will instruct the intercostal muscles (muscles in between rib bones) and the diaphragm to increase the breathing rate. This is how CO2 regulates breathing rate and is necessary to our bodies.

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