a planting calendar is the counting of time you will gather the plants (vegetables/fruits).
An agrarian calendar is a farming calendar. School's still use this type of calendar, it is based on planting, and harvesting. This is why schools had summer vacation. Summer was when children were needed at home to help with farming.
I believe these are planting dates by the zodiac calendar, the twin days are from May 21st to June 22nd (gemini).
It gives all sorts of information. Seasons, moon phases, calendar, crops planting.
40 year calender
Inundation (flooding) Emergence (returning of waters and planting crops) Harvest (picking crops)
The Aztecs based their agricultural and ceremonial calendar on their religious beliefs and the movements of celestial bodies. They had a complex system that involved multiple calendars – a solar calendar for agriculture and a sacred calendar for ceremonies. Priests studied these calendars to determine the most auspicious times for planting, harvesting, and conducting rituals.
That provided the only "calendar" to predict the best planting and harvest times to optimize crop yield.
Calendars were created in agricultural societies. The dates when the rainy seasons begin are predictable. By having a calendar, it is possible to predict in advance when the planting had harvest seasons should start. Thus, everything can be prepared in advance.
The Mayan calendar helped farmers by marking significant agricultural events and guiding planting and harvesting schedules based on celestial cycles. By aligning their agricultural activities with the calendar, farmers could maximize crop yields and ensure food security for their communities.
Using the word 'agrarian' is used to described something related to fields, farming, or rural matters. The school calendar is still based on the old agrarian calendar, when children needed to be off during the summer to help with planting and harvesting
The Maya calendar marked the movement of celestial bodies, particularly the sun, moon, and Venus, to track time and important events such as religious ceremonies, planting seasons, and harvest timings. The calendar system was highly sophisticated and integrated into various aspects of Maya society and culture.
The Egyptians used the calender to predict when the Nile would overflow and thus they could plan the planting and harvesting of crops.