Teredophyta, commonly referred to as ferns, is a division of vascular plants that reproduce via spores rather than seeds. They are characterized by their distinctive fronds and complex life cycles, which include both a sporophyte and a gametophyte stage. Ferns thrive in a variety of environments, often preferring moist, shaded areas. This group includes around 12,000 species, making it one of the largest divisions of plants.