It's called a Trunk...
Parsnips come from the root of the parsnip plant. They are a biennial plant, and the edible part is the thick, white taproot that grows beneath the ground.
stem
stem
The fruiting body of a club fungus, known as the mushroom, grows above the ground. It is responsible for producing and dispersing spores for reproduction.
roots
It grows off of a stem protruding from the main vine, which grows along the ground.
Vegetables for which the edible part grows from the ground are asparagus, rhubarb, leaf lettuce, etc.
No, the pumpkin grows above ground, part of the pumpkin plant will have roots underground.
Part of the leek (the blanched white part) grows underground, the rest is above ground.
In the female part of the flower called the Carpel. The seed grows out of the ovary.
The roots of a caulifower grow below ground, but the editbla part grows above ground, much like cabbage.
The roots of parsnip, the part that is eaten grows underground, but the foliage grows above ground.