The four groups of terrestrial plants are bryophytes (mosses and liverworts), pteridophytes (ferns and their relatives), gymnosperms (conifers and cycads), and angiosperms (flowering plants). These groups vary in their reproductive structures and evolutionary history.
Ferns, mosses and gymnosperms
Ferns are considered incompletely adapted to the terrestrial environment because they require a moist environment for reproduction, as their sperm need water to swim to the egg. Additionally, their leaves have a large surface area which can lead to water loss in dry conditions. Finally, ferns reproduce via spores instead of seeds, which can be less protected and less likely to disperse successfully in a terrestrial environment.
Because ferns (Pteridophyta) and gymnosperms are part of the larger category of vascular plants (Tracheophyta) and share common features that mosses lack. Perhaps also because of the spurious notion that "seed ferns" (Pteridospermatophyta), the ancestors of the gymnosperms, evolved from ferns. In fact, "seed ferns" are a large, heterogeneous category of plants which are generally believed to be only distantly related to true ferns.
Nonvascular plants Ferns Gymnosperms Flowering Plants
gymnosperms,angiosperms,horsetails,ferns,and ginko
Ferns are not gymnosperms. Gymnosperms are divided into 4 groups,cycads,ginkgoes,gnetophytes,and conifers.
For angiosperms: Flowers For gymnosperms: Cones For ferns: Spore
Because mosses do not have xylem and phloem as vascular system. Also the dominant plant body in mosses is gametophytic which needs more moist and shady places.
Yes, gymnosperms do not depend on water for fertilization like mosses or ferns do. They reproduce through the dispersal of pollen, which does not require water as a medium for transportation.
Ferns are non-flowering plants that reproduce via spores, while gymnosperms are seed-producing plants with naked seeds (not enclosed in a fruit). Additionally, ferns typically have simple leaves with branching veins, while gymnosperms have needle-like or scale-like leaves.
Ferns, mosses and gymnosperms (such as pines, cedar, cycas, cycad)