Every sonnet has a different theme.
The second section of a sonnet is called the quatrain. It usually consists of four lines that develop the theme or argument introduced in the first section (the octave) before leading into the final section (the sestet).
The theme of the Sonnet 32 by Shakespeare was "handsome youth."
Hopeless love
hopeless love
The octave of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet typically presents a situation, problem, or question. It sets up the theme or subject matter of the poem, and often introduces a conflict or tension that is then explored or resolved in the sestet.
Sonnet is the genre defined by form rather than theme. A sonnet is a poetic form with specific characteristics such as 14 lines, a specific rhyme scheme, and a fixed structure. The theme of a sonnet can vary widely, but the form remains consistent.
Love. Nostalgy.
The theme of a sonnet typically revolves around love, nature, time, beauty, or mortality. Sonnets often explore complex emotions or convey deep philosophical reflections within strict structural constraints.
If you are asking about an Elizabethan sonnet, it has 3 quatrains (ababcdcdefef) and a rhyming couplet (gg). If you are talking about a Petrarchan sonnet, the first section is called an octave (8 lines interrhymed--abbaabba) and the second section is called a sestet (six lines interrhymed--cdecde).
This Shakespearean sonnet follows the pattern of 14 lines divided into three quatrains (four-line sections) followed by a rhyming couplet (two-line section). The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. The sonnet typically explores a theme or idea, often revolving around love or beauty.
The form of a sonnet, with its strict structure and rhyme scheme, can contribute to the development and exploration of the theme. The limited number of lines forces the poet to be concise and precise in their expression, allowing for a focused exploration of the theme within a controlled framework. Additionally, the volta or thematic shift in the sonnet's structure can emphasize the contrast or resolution related to the theme.