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The Scandinavian countries are not socialist by a traditional Marxist definition, but by a modern standard, they could be classified as socialist based on the fact that approximately half of the GDP runs though the public sectors. The so-called welfare states are primarily a realisation of the political visions of the Social-democratic movements (which already in the 1870-80s rejected anti-parliamentarian revolutions as a means to political change thereby separating itself decisively from the Communist movement). The Social-democratic movements have been less clear in their stance on private vs public ownership of the means of production. Until 1970s there were still parts of the movement that thought that the economy gradually could be taken over by socialist structures (via funds based on pensions or shares of company profits, elected representatives in company boards etc.), but after that time it has been given up, and they fully support the market economy as a necessary engine of a welfarestate.

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15y ago

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