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Why is soft power relevant to international relations?
Soft power is relevant for a number of reasons. Specifically, it allows a country to gain influence through cultural, economic, or other non-military power (that's why it is called soft as opposed to hard). However, there is a caveat of sorts. Military power can contribute to soft power through humanitarian assistance and "showing the flag" (ie. the Great White Fleet). Soft power has the advantage of garnering allies and support passively through your cultural influence. Especially with the U.S. with its historic neocon attitude and hegemonic status, soft power is very valuable to blunt negative sentiments and secure alliances. To quote Joseph Nye, the founder of the term, "The key is not how many enemies the United States kills, but how many allies it grows."
What are the elements of power in international relations?
The elements of Power in IR fall under 2 x categories i.e Tangible and intangiblestangibles include; Population, Territory, Natural Resources and Industrial Capacity, Agricultural capacity and Military Strength and Mobilityintangibles include; Leadership and Personality, Bureaucratic Organization Efficiency, Type of Government, Social Cohesiveness, Reputation, Foreign Support and DEPENDENCY
What is the National power in international relations perspective?
Power in international relationsFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search'National power' redirects here. For the former energy company, see: National PowerPower in international relations is defined in several different ways. Political scientists, historians, and practitioners of international relations (diplomats) have used the following concepts of political power:Power as a goal of states or leaders;Power as a measure of influence or control over outcomes, events, actors and issues;Power as reflecting victory in conflict and the attainment of security; and,Power as control over resources and capabilities.Modern discourse generally speaks in terms of state power, indicating both economic and military power. Those states that have significant amounts of power within the international system are referred to as middle powers, regional powers, great powers, superpowers, or hyperpowers, although there is no commonly accepted standard for what defines a powerful state.Entities other than states can also acquire and wield power in international relations. Such entities can include multilateral international organizations, military alliance organizations (e.g. NATO), multinational corporations, non-governmental organizations, or other institutions such as the Roman Catholic Church, Wal-Mart[1], or the Hanseatic League.Power as a goalPrimary usage of "power" as a goal in international relations belongs to political theorists, such as Niccolò Machiavelli and Hans Morgenthau. Especially among Classical Realist thinkers, power is an inherent goal of mankind and of states. Economic growth, military growth, cultural spread etc. can all be considered as working towards the ultimate goal of international power.[edit] Power as influencePolitical scientists principally use "power" in terms of an actor's ability to exercise influence over other actors within the international system. This influence can be coercive, attractive, cooperative, or competitive. Mechanisms of influence can include the threat or use of force, economic interaction or pressure, diplomacy, and cultural exchange.[edit] Spheres, blocs, and alliancesUnder certain circumstances, states can organize a sphere of influence or a bloc within which they exercise predominant influence. Historical examples include the spheres of influence recognized under the Concert of Europe, or the recognition of spheres during the Cold War following the Yalta Conference. The Warsaw Pact, the "Free World," and the Non-Aligned Movement were the blocs that arose out of the Cold War contest. Military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact are another forum through which influence is exercised. However, Realist theory often attempts to stay away from the creation of powerful blocs/spheres that can create a hegemon within the region. British foreign policy, for example, has always sided against the hegemonic forces on the continent, i.e. Nazi Germany, Napoleonic France or Habsburg Austria.[edit] Power as security"Power" is also used when describing states or actors that have achieved military victories or security for their state in the international system. This general usage is most commonly found among the writings of historians or popular writers. For instance, a state that has achieved a string of combat victories in a military campaign against other states can be described as powerful. An actor that has succeeded in protecting its security, sovereignty, or strategic interests from repeated or significant challenge can also be described as powerful.[edit] Power as capability"Power is the capacity to direct the decisions and actions of others. Power derives from strength and will. Strength comes from the transformation of resources into capabilities. Will infuses objectives with resolve. Strategy marshals capabilities and brings them to bear with precision. Statecraft seeks through strategy to magnify the mass, relevance, impact, and irresistibility of power. It guides the ways the state deploys and applies its power abroad. These ways embrace the arts of war, espionage, and diplomacy. The practitioners of these three arts are the paladins of statecraft." [1] Charles W. Freeman, Jr."Power" is also used to describe the resources and capabilities of a state. This definition is quantitative and is most often used by geopoliticians and the military. Capabilities are thought of in tangible terms-they are measurable, weighable, quantifiable assets. Thomas Hobbes spoke of power as "present means to obtain some future apparent good." Hard Power can be treated as a potential and is not often enforced on the international stage.Chinese strategists have such a concept of national power that can be measured quantitatively using an index known as comprehensive national power.[edit] Soft versus hard powerMain articles: Soft power and Hard power Some political scientists distinguish between two types of power: soft and hard. The former is attractive while the latter is coercive. Joseph Nye is the leading proponent and theorist of soft power. Instruments of soft power include debates on cultural values, dialogues on ideology, the attempt to influence through good example, and the appeal to commonly accepted human values. Means of exercising soft power include diplomacy, dissemination of information, analysis, propaganda, and cultural programming to achieve political ends.Hard power refers to coercive tactics: the threat or use of armed forces, economic pressure or sanctions, assassination and subterfuge, or other forms of intimidation. Hard power is generally associated to the stronger of nations, as the ability to change the domestic affairs of other nations through military threats.check wikipedia for more detail
How can one sovereign state have more power and influence compared to another state?
Military power, economic power, having a common history and culture as those countries which are to be influenced, and geographic location which gives one country control of commercial choke points (e.g., the Panama Canal, the newly-opened Northwest passage through northern Canada, the Suez canal, the pipeline routes which take much of Central Asian and Russian oil and natural gas through Russia to get to eastern Europe or the Indian Ocean, etc
When doing laundry why is detergent better than soap?
The short answer is that soaps are natural based products, and detergents are synthetic. Soap is not appropriately used for laundry because it produces greater amounts of suds than detergents.
What is the main difference Between hard and soft corals?
The difference is in the name; soft corals are soft have body ; with no bony or hard Parts
What is the difference between hard and soft copy in the computer?
well is that one is hard and the other one is soft.
Difference between hard and soft data?
Soft data is stored on a data disk or hard drive. Where as hard data is printed.
What is the difference between soft floor and hard floor?
a soft floor usually has carpet and a hard floor has wood or other things that are hard.
What is the difference between uranium hard and soft ore?
It is a difference between the hardness, generally expressed in the Mohs scale.
What is the difference between soft cheese and hard cheese?
hard cheese is hardend by FAT! and i like soft cheese better than hard cheese. =]
What is the difference between hard corals and soft corals?
The difference is in the name; soft corals have a soft body, with no bony or hard parts. In contrast, hard corals have a hard endoskeleton made of calcium carbonate.
What is one difference between soft money and hard money?
soft money is given in unlimited amounts
What is difference between hard and soft wood?
soft wood is easy to cut but not good to make stuff and hard wood is hard to cut but good to make with
What is the different between a hard boot and a soft boot?
A hard boot, or cold boot, involves turning on the power with the on/off switch, A soft boot, or warm boot, involves using the operating system to reboot.
What is the difference between a hard market and a soft market?
A soft market has more suppliers than buyers and hard market is the total opposite.
What is difference between hard X-Rays and soft X-Rays?
frequency for hard xray value
