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Hobbes and Locke had fundamentally different views on human nature and the role of government. Hobbes believed that humans are inherently selfish and violent, necessitating a strong, centralized authority to maintain order and prevent chaos, as articulated in his work "Leviathan." In contrast, Locke viewed humans as rational and capable of cooperation, advocating for a government that derives its authority from the consent of the governed and exists to protect individual rights, as discussed in his "Two Treatises of Government." These differing views on human nature led to distinct theories of governance: Hobbes favored absolute monarchy, while Locke supported constitutional government and the right to rebellion against tyranny.

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