What were effects of the European colonization of Africa?

Answer 1

Africa is a continent and to answer this question we need a area or specific country.

Answer 2

The European colonization of Africa had wide-ranging effects on the continent. It led to the exploitation of African resources, the imposition of European rule and systems of governance, the displacement and marginalization of African cultures and societies, and the establishment of racial hierarchies. It also contributed to economic underdevelopment and political instability in many African countries.