I am not sure if there was any such philosopher to pose something so vague, but I believe Hobbes mentions something to the case in the Leviathon along the lines that it would be ridiculous to do such a thing because one has made a social contract and to overthrow him would be to overthrow onesself. One could mearly dissmiss your leader instead by breaking the contract (ie. leave the country, secede...). But this may only pertain to cetain political situations. If it is a question of whether or not one will have the physical capacity to do such a thing... I have never read anything of the sort...
Physiocrat
A head
plato
Jean-Jaques Rousseau
The philosopher john Locke held a different ,more positive of human nature he believed that people could Learn from experience and improve themselves
Pythagoras was a philosopher who believed that the universe was governed by the same laws as music and numbers. He believed that everything could be explained and understood through mathematical relationships, and that numbers held a hidden power within the universe.
Plato's relationship with the visual arts was a good one. This philosopher firmly believed in the arts and what they could do for humans.
The English philosopher john Locke (1632-1704) believed that all people had rights that no government could take away. He expressed three of them as "life, liberty, and property." He believed that government should be run by the governed for their benefit.
A philosopher king is a concept introduced by the Greek philosopher Plato in his work "The Republic." It refers to a ruler who possesses both wisdom and knowledge and governs a society based on principles of justice and virtue. Plato believed that only such a ruler could lead a society to its ideal state.
The Greek philosopher Democritus (460-370 B.C) believed atoms could not be created, destroyed, or further divided.
I attempted to improve the question to read as this: Was Karl Marx a free market philosopher? Some how I could not do it. The answer however is that Marx was not a free market philosopher. He was an economist, political analyst and philosopher that believed the capitalist economic system oppressed the working class. He believed that any remnants of free markets would fall into the hands of capitalists who would destroy itself by frequent depressions. I say this to make it clear that "free markets" could evolve into a socialist economy. Marx believed that only a violent revolution could change the economy.
SUNNI ISLAM believed that any Muslim could become Caliph if he was a good community leader; heredity was not terribly important.