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Rudyard Kipling viewed imperialism as a civilizing mission, believing it brought progress and enlightenment to colonized peoples. He argued that European powers had a duty to uplift and educate those in their colonies, often framing imperialism as a benevolent endeavor. However, this perspective often overlooked the negative consequences of colonization, such as cultural erasure and exploitation. Ultimately, Kipling's views reflect a complicated legacy that romanticizes imperialism while ignoring its adverse effects on indigenous populations.
Some Europeans saw imperialism as a selfless activity that would help foreign peoples.
Both discuss the responsibilities and sacrifices of imperialism.
Orwell´s essay on Kipling was first published in 1942.
Rudyard Kipling justified Western imperialism in Asia and Africa through the concept of the "White Man's Burden," suggesting that it was the duty of Western powers to civilize and uplift supposedly 'backward' societies. He argued that imperialism was a noble endeavor, bringing progress, education, and governance to colonized peoples. Kipling also emphasized the supposed racial superiority of Western cultures, portraying colonial rule as beneficial for both the colonizers and the colonized, despite the often exploitative realities of imperialism.
In "The White Man's Burden," Kipling highlights the danger of imperialism by suggesting that the colonizers' efforts to civilize and uplift colonized peoples often lead to resentment and conflict. He implies that the imposition of Western values and governance can result in cultural erosion and a sense of superiority that dehumanizes the colonized. Kipling romanticizes the burden of the colonizers while ignoring the complexities and consequences of their actions, ultimately portraying imperialism as a noble yet perilous endeavor.
Rudyard Kipling is associated with the Victorian and Edwardian literary periods. His works often reflect the themes and style popular during this era, such as imperialism, adventure, and patriotism.
An anti-imperialist might criticize Kipling for romanticizing imperialism and spreading the belief in the superiority of Western powers over colonized peoples. They may argue that Kipling's works perpetuate harmful stereotypes and justify oppressive colonial practices.
Kipling intended for the White Man's Burden to be read by the American public to encourage support for the U.S. imperialism policies. The audience might have responded positively by framing imperialism as a noble mission to civilize and uplift "lesser" peoples, or negatively by criticizing the notion of superiority and the justifications for colonization.
Kipling believed that his poem "The White Man's Burden" was directed towards the American people, urging them to take up the responsibility of colonizing and civilizing other nations. The intended audience might have initially praised the poem for its call to duty and sense of moral obligation, but there were also critics who viewed it as a justification for imperialism and a form of cultural arrogance.
In "Kipling and I" by Jesus Colon, the mood is reflective and critical. Colon questions and challenges Rudyard Kipling's portrayal of imperialism and colonialism by sharing personal experiences that highlight the injustices and inequalities faced by colonized peoples. There is a sense of anger and frustration in Colon's tone as he seeks to dismantle colonial ideologies.
In his poem "The White Man's Burden," Kipling suggests that it is the duty of Europeans to civilize and educate non-European peoples through imperialism. He emphasizes the perceived responsibilities and burdens that come with the assumed superiority of the white race.