Empedocles was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and poet from the city of Akragas in Sicily, who lived around 495 to 435 BCE. He is best known for his theory of the four classical elements—earth, water, air, and fire—proposing that all matter is composed of these elements. Additionally, he introduced the concepts of love (or attraction) and strife (or repulsion) as forces that bring elements together or apart. Empedocles is also recognized for his contributions to Biology and his ideas on the cyclical nature of life and the universe.