presbyopia
Myopia is near-sightedness; presbyopia is an impairment of vision due to old age.
Macular degeneration
Involution is the medical term meaning shrinkage of a gland with age, as with the normal developmental involution of the thymus.
A generic term for a disease of the retina that is not inflammatory in nature is retinopathy. Some examples include retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, epiretinal membrane (macular pucker), retinal tear, macular hole, or age-related macular degeneration. Inflammatory diseases are called retinitis. A retinal detachment is one example or a retinopathy.
old
Complete lack of hearing is called deafness. Various causes of deafness are defined by specific medical conditions (e.g. presbycusis - old age hearing loss). The term for less than complete deafness is "hearing impairment".
Memory impairment can begin as early as young adulthood due to various factors such as stress, lack of sleep, or medical conditions. However, significant memory decline typically becomes more common with age, particularly after the age of 60 or 70, as a natural part of the aging process.
Some types of visual impairment include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, presbyopia (age-related difficulty focusing), cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and macular degeneration. Each type of visual impairment affects vision in different ways and to varying degrees.
Maya Angelou's vision loss was due to glaucoma, a condition caused by damage to the optic nerve that can result in vision impairment or blindness. It is a common eye condition affecting many people as they age.
There is no actual medical term for this except for a dictionary meaning for total recall.
An amnestic mild cognitive impairment, also known as an aMCI, is a clinically recognized condition where memory impairment is greater than the expected range of impairment at the patient's current age.
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