A hiatal hernia is one condition associated with the base of the esophagus, fundus of the stomach, and diaphragm. It occurs when the stomach presses up and through and opening in the diaphragm.
The stomach is inferior (below) to the diaphragm.The diaphragm is superior (above) to the stomach.
The condition in which a portion of the stomach bulges up through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity is called a "hiatal hernia." This occurs when the opening in the diaphragm, where the esophagus passes through, becomes enlarged, allowing part of the stomach to protrude. Hiatal hernias can lead to symptoms such as heartburn and acid reflux.
The end bit of the esophagus is the stomach. But before the stomach there's the gastroesophageal junction which leads into the stomach. Just above the junction there is the diaphragm (but that isn't attached to the esophagus) .
The tube that passes through the diaphragm is called the esophagus. It carries food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach for digestion. The diaphragm is a muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen and helps in breathing.
The stomach is located in the abdominal cavity. Located at the distal end of the esophagus, just inferior to the diaphragm.
The esophagus is a muscular tube that runs from the back of the throat (pharynx) to the stomach. It is approximately 10-13 inches (25–33 cm) long in adults, extending down the chest behind the heart before reaching the diaphragm and connecting to the stomach.
The medical term for this condition is esophageal atresia. It is a congenital condition where the esophagus does not connect to the stomach. This condition requires surgical intervention to repair the connection between the esophagus and stomach.
In the fetal pig, the esophageal opening is located dorsal to the glottis. The esophagus lies to the top of the stomach, in close proximity to the diaphragm.
Hernia, hiatus: Protrusion of the stomach up into the opening normally occupied by the esophagus in the diaphragm, the great dome of muscle that separates the thoracic (chest) cavity from the abdomen.
The area where the esophagus passes through the diaphragm is known as the esophageal hiatus. This opening allows the esophagus to connect the throat to the stomach, facilitating the passage of food. The diaphragm muscles surrounding this hiatus help prevent acid reflux by contracting during swallowing. It is located at the level of the tenth thoracic vertebra (T10) in the spinal column.
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A hiatal hernia often is caused by weak muscles and tissue within and around the hiatus. In a sliding hiatal hernia, a small part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm and into the chest. A valve between the esophagus and the stomach also moves up and away from the diaphragm.