Are Islamic and Jewish dietary laws the same?

Answer 1

Yes, they do. They have foods which are 'Halal' which are foods that they are allowed to eat and 'Haram' which are foods they aren't allowed to eat.

They are not allowed to eat pork, because they thought that pigs were dirty animals and were not fit to be eaten. They're not allowed to eat meat from animals that have died from natural causes. All the animals which are slaughtered have to be cut quickly across the throat because this is the most painless way for them to die and it drains most of their blood (Muslims are not allowed to eat blood).

They are also not allowed to take drugs and drink alcohol.

Answer 2

Not exactly, but very close. This is not surprising considering their common origin in the Near East. Generally, if food is kosher (proper for the Jews), it's halal (OK for the Muslims).

Answer:

No, they are very different. For example, Muslims are not allowed to drink wine, which is permitted in Judaism. Muslims may mix meat and dairy, which is forbidden by the Jewish Torah. Shellfish are permitted to Muslims but forbidden by the Jewish Torah. Camel meat is permitted to Muslims but not to Jews.

The fact that kosher food is also Halal only works in one direction. Halal food is not kosher by virtue of being Halal.

Additionally, not every dish that is Kosher is also Halal, although the overwhelming majority are. Dishes that include alcohol, like tiramisu, may be Kosher but will not be Halal. There is also a minority opinion among Muslims, in the Sunni Hanafi school which says that the Jewish blessing when slaughtering animals is insufficient to meet the Islamic requirements of Tasmiyya (blessing God) when slaughtering. The majority opinion says that it is sufficient. Furthermore, while most Sunni Muslims are permitted shellfish, Sunnis of Hanafi School and Shiites observe the Jewish dietary rules as regards sea creatures (it must have fins and scales).