In a formal setting, you would address a Catholic bishop as "Your Excellency" or "Bishop Last Name."
In a formal setting, you should address a professor as "Professor Last Name" or simply "Professor."
In a formal setting, you address a former president as "Mr. President" or "Madam President."
Throughout the world, the proper verbal salutation for a Catholic bishop is "Your Lordship". In the United States, which dislikes such monarchial forms of address, "Your Excellency" is used. If writing to a bishop, you would address him as "The Most Reverend". When saluting an archbishop, you would say, "Your Grace."
In a formal setting, you address a knight as "Sir" followed by their first name or their full title, such as "Sir John" or "Sir William of York."
It depends on the individual you are addressing. If the individual has a doctorate, you would address them as doctor. IF not, you address them as you would anyone in a formal setting (if in a formal setting).
In a formal setting, one should address a former president as "Mr. President" or "Madam President," followed by their last name.
In a formal setting, the appropriate gender-neutral equivalent of "sir" is to address someone as "Madam" or "Ma'am."
Each diocese has a bishop or archbishop,or cardinal as the local head. The bishop, or archbishop, or cardinal, which is a formal title appointed by the Pope, all report to the Pope, who is the head Bishop of the Church. Some dioceses have auxiliary bishops under the local diocese Bishop. Those auxiliary bishops report to the local bishop of the diocese.
You can address a German single woman by using "Frau" followed by her last name in a formal setting. In a more casual or informal setting, you can address her using "Frau" followed by her first name.
There is one major error here: the Catholic Church, while structured as a hierarchy, is not an example of the feudal system.The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, and the formal leader of the Catholic Church.
Really need to be more specific about what type of church and religion. For a Protestant Minister, Pastor, or Rector with scholastic degree Address on Letter: The Reverend (full name, initials of degree) (Title, name of church) (Local address) (ZIP+4 Code) Salutation and Closing Dear Dr. (surname): Sincerely, For a Protestant Minister, Pastor, or Rector (without scholastic degree) Address on Letter: The Reverend (full name) (Title, name of church) (Local address) (ZIP+4 Code) Salutation and Closing: Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms./Miss (surname): Sincerely, For a Methodist Bishop Address on Letter: The Reverend (full name) Methodist Bishop (Local address) (ZIP+4 Code) Salutation and Closing: Reverend Sir: (formal) My Dear Bishop (surname): (informal) Sincerely, For a Protestant Episcopal Bishop Address on Letter The Right Reverend (full name) Bishop of (name) (Local address) (ZIP+4 Code) Salutation and Closing Dear Reverend Sir: (formal) Dear Bishop (surname):
Usually, Pastor and last name. In more formal settings it would be Reverend (add last name.) In a church setting it would be Pastor and last name. Some pastors will be very informal and use Pastor and then first name. Some male Lutheran pastors are known as "Father" plus last last name, which is the common address in Europe. Since the ordination of women has been allowed, sometimes female parish pastors are addressed "Mother" plus last (or first) name, but this is largely uncommon in the U.S.