The Lay Investiture Controversy was ultimately resolved through the Concordat of Worms in 1122. This agreement between Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V established that the pope had the authority to appoint bishops and abbots, while secular rulers retained the right to invest them with symbols of their temporal power. This compromise helped to separate the spiritual and temporal powers in the church and ended the conflict over who had the authority to appoint church officials.
The Mongolian invasion
Pope Gregory VII was one of the most prominent opponents of lay investiture during the Investiture Controversy in the 11th century. He believed that only the church had the authority to appoint bishops and saw lay investiture as an encroachment on the church's independence.
The Lay Investiture Controversy in medieval Europe was significant because it was a power struggle between the Pope and secular rulers over the appointment of church officials. This conflict highlighted the tension between religious and political authority, ultimately leading to the separation of church and state and the assertion of papal supremacy in matters of church governance.
lay investiture
ings or bishops
The Concordat of Worms.
Lay investiture
Question 5: Correct Answer- The Pope
Lay Investiture is too broad a topic to cover in a quick answer site like WikiAnswers, below are links to articles about it in WikiPedia and the Catholic Encyclopedia.
king wants to put his friends in big offices but bishops choose. the lay is the secular part
im wondering the same thinig
The issue lay investiture was considered so important by both German emperors and popes because Henry IV believed that he had the right to appoint bishops of the German church but Pope Gregory VII angrily opposed lay investiture and responded to the emperor's attempt to name bishops by excommunicating Henry IV.