The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) is simply the largest of the Lutheran churches in the United States (the others being the Missouri Synod and the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod).
The term "synod" has historically meant "a council or an assembly of church officials or churches." The root meaning of the word is "on the road together" or "walking together." It has been used, therefore, to designate some groups of churches that have officially joined together based on their confessional agreement. Members of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod, mean the church was founded in Wisconsin, gospel centered (evangelical), follow the teachings championed by Luther, and walk together publicly in confession of doctrine. http://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?2601&collectionID=783
The Presbyterian Church in the USA does - I can't speak for other denominations. ELCA Lutherans would be okay with that.
There is public schooling, and there is independent schooling. Some of the independent schools are run by Christian denominations, and both the Roman Catholics and Lutherans have a well-established schooling system in Australia. There are other independent Christian and non-denominational schools as well.
because different denominations have different beliefs in god :P
Around half of Christians are Carholic, a third Protestant, and 17% of other denominations.
I do not know about Islamics, but Catholics would prefer you didn't but they won't shun you if you do. Lutherans don't really care too much. For other Christian groups I'm guessing its similar to Lutherans.
You can be a Quaker without believing in Jesus. Quakers do not require any particular beliefs from their members.
Different Christian denominations have different beliefs in this respect. But in general, the do believe in some kind of afterlife, either in heaven or hell right when you die, or returning back to life right here on Earth, on Resurrection day, which seems to be related with the Second Coming of Jesus. Probably if you look around (with different Christian denominations), you will find yet other variations.
Yes, as far as I understand it! It stems from the teaching of John Calvin of Geneva.
Not at all. If the denomination of your current church won't allow it, there are lots of other denominations that will (e.g. Lutherans, Methodists, Episcopals, Presbyterians, etc.).
By putting the sign of the cross on your forehead with the ashes of the palms from palm Sunday Perhaps the above is a rite in the Catholic church, but other Christian denominations such as Lutherans commemorate Ash Wednesday with a service of repentance, as this is the lead-in into Lent. There are no special rituals involved: just confession. Many Protestant churches do not observe Ash Wednesday at all.
The Catholic church is run as a dictatorship government, while most other churches are run with a more democratic system. The pope is in ultimate control of Catholic doctrine, finance and all other aspects, there are then councils, and regions of representation. The basic principles of Catholicim are similar to other denominations. The biggest differenence is the role of the priests, who Catholics believe has special powers from god.
Christian Mingle is an ecumenical Christian dating site. In other words, Christians of all denominations are welcome to use the services. The site has testimonials from pastors from such a variety of churches as Presbyterian and Baptist.