How did Moses get the Torah?

Answer 1

Yes, tradition states that Moses wrote the complete Torah-scroll (Deuteronomy 31:24) as dictated by God (Exodus 24:12), and handed it over to the people (Deuteronomy ch.31). This Jewish tradition has been handed down for over 3,300 years by the entire Jewish nation, and accepted by Christians and Muslims as well. Moses is mentioned many times in the Torah and Rabbinic literature. He is also mentioned by ancient non-Jewish writers going back over 2,300 years, including Hecataeus, Strabo, Alexander Polyhistor, Manetho, Apion, Chaeremon, Tacitus, and Porphyry. Non-religious ancient Jewish sources mention him too, such as Artapanus, Eupolemus, Josephus and Philo.
Hebrew copies of the Torah-scroll are, to this day, all exactly the same. No fragments have ever been found that would support any theory of partial authorship. See also:

Refuting the Bible-criticsArchaeology and the Hebrew Bible

The authorship of the Hebrew Bible

Answer 2

The traditional view is that Moses was the author of the Torah (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy). However, nowhere do these books claim to have been written by Moses, or even to have been written in the time of Moses. The Sources Theory, which states that the Torah had several authors, is now widely accepted by modern scholars - after all, a late date for the Torah does not undermine its message. Just one citation is "Testament: the Bible and History", by John Romer (1996).

Some brief examples I have taken from The Bible support the scholarly view of the authorship of the Torah. I have also provided a brief resume of each of the principal authors said to have written the Torah.

• Deuteronomy chapter 34 describes the death of Moses.and says that "not a prophet since in Israel like unto Moses..." This could not have been written by Moses or even by any author until long after the establishment of a nation called Israel. If we explain this by saying that this chapter was added after the death of Moses, we leave open the question as to what else was added after the death of Moses.
  
• The Ten Commandments in Exodus 20 have a slightly different wording to the same commandments in Deuteronomy 5. Exodus 20:11 also says that the Sabbath is in honour of the 7 days of creation; Deuteronomy 5:15 says that the Sabbath is in honour of the flight from Egypt. While these issues have no important theological consequences, it is not possible that the man who personally carved the commandments onto tablets would not even remember what he wrote. And if, as the author of the Torah, he was not sure, he could have looked in the Ark and read the tablets again.
  
• There are also many 'doublets' where each author provided his own, separate version of the same event. We can be sure that had Moses had been the author, he would have chosen a preferred version and stuck with that one.
  

The J (Yahwist) source always used 'YHVH' as the name for G-d and presents tradition from the point of view of the southern kingdom, Judah, using archaic Hebrew. J was a gifted storyteller who was especially interested in the human side of things and had his own characteristic vocabulary. J referred to Moses' father-in-law as Reuel or Hobab.

The E (Elohist) source always used 'Elohim' as the name for G-d and presents tradition from the point of view of the northern kingdom, Israel, using archaic Hebrew. E referred to Moses' father-in-law as Jethro, a mistake that Moses himself could not have made.
At some time around 650 BCE., J and E were combined by Judaean editors, producing a composite known to us as JE.

The D (Deuteronomist) source emphasises centralisation of worship and governance in Jerusalem, as would be expected from political events that followed the defeat of Israel. It uses a more modern form of Hebrew.

The P (Priestly) source uses both Elohim and El Shaddai as names of G-d and focusses on the formal relations between G-d and society. He also uses a late form of Hebrew, with a rather turgid style.

For more information, please see:

http://christianity.answers.com/theology/moses-in-history-and-tradition
http://christianity.answers.com/bible/the-pentateuch-explained

Yes, tradition states that Moses wrote the complete Torah-scroll (Deuteronomy 31:24) as dictated by God (Exodus 24:12), and handed it over to the people (Deuteronomy ch.31). This Jewish tradition has been handed down for over 3,300 years by the entire Jewish nation, and accepted by Christians and Muslims as well. Moses is mentioned many times in the Torah and Rabbinic literature. He is also mentioned by ancient non-Jewish writers going back over 2,300 years, including Hecataeus, Strabo, Alexander Polyhistor, Manetho, Apion, Chaeremon, Tacitus, and Porphyry. Non-religious ancient Jewish sources mention him too, such as Artapanus, Eupolemus, Josephus and Philo.
Hebrew copies of the Torah-scroll are, to this day, all exactly the same. No fragments have ever been found that would support any theory of partial authorship. See also:

Refuting the Bible-criticsArchaeology and the Hebrew Bible

The authorship of the Hebrew Bible

Answer 3

God taught it to him (Exodus 24:12).

According to tradition, Moses wrote a scroll containing the narratives of Genesis, at God's command, before the formal Giving of the Torah (Rashi commentary, Exodus ch.24). It was this scroll which he read to the Israelites (Exodus 24:7) as an introduction to what God's covenant would entail. These narratives were not unknown to the Israelites, since they had carefully preserved the traditions of the events of the lives of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (see Midrash, Shemot Rabbah 5:18 and 22).
The words of this scroll were soon incorporated in the complete Torah itself by God, including the ancient traditions of the Creation, the Flood etc. (These traditions had been known by mankind worldwide, except that among the other nations [the idolaters] they had become garbled with idolatrous drivel.)
When God gave the Ten Commandments (Exodus ch.19-20), He gave them in writing, inscribed on stone tablets (Exodus 31:18), while He taught the rest of the Torah to Moses orally, on Mount Sinai (Exodus 24:12), without writing it.
At God's command and precise dictation (Deuteronomy 1:3), Moses penned the entire Torah (Deuteronomy 31:24) immediately before his death, so that it included events that had happened in the preceding months (such as Numbers ch.20).

No Hebrew copy of the Torah has ever been found to differ with the others, worldwide. The Torah we possess today contains the exact wording written by Moses.

See also:

What is the history of the Hebrew Bible?

Some facts about Torah-scrolls

Answer 4

According to the Torah, Moses went to Mount Sinai while the Hebrews waited at the bottom of the mountain. Then, according to Jewish tradition, he remained on the mountain for 40 days and nights, during which God dictated the Torah to Moses, who wrote it down.

Answer 5

they fell from heaven into gods hands and god handed them to moses