He led an army of 10,000 companians to attack Mecca. The Meccans surrendered to him without any resistance. The holy Prophet SAW announced general amnesty in the words spoken by Hazrat Yousaf (Josaph) while he forgave his brothers. The words are, "There is no revenge to you today."
There are many accounts in the book of Islam that Muhammad was not a pacifist, but rather a general. An example was the attack of Badr, which caused Muhammad to go to war with the Meccans who were anxious to avenge from their last defeat.
The Meccans were against the message because they believed that everybody has freedom to choose their own faith.
Muhammad fled from Mecca to Medina because he feared that he would be assassinated by the Meccans for his threats to destroy their idols.
At first most of them did not. But with time, and after witnessing the ethics of people who followed Muhammad, almost all of them changed their mind and join the new religion.
He fought numerous battles with the Meccans (some by choice and some by force).
He was orphaned young, so no real record of his parents' faith. However, as Meccans, they most likely worshipped Hubal, the god of the city.
When Muhammad arrived in Mecca, he came for the sole purpose of cleansing it, in other words; to conquer it. When he did so, no-one put up a fight and, even the leaders submitted to his army. They knew now that they could no longer pose a threat to the ever-growing band of Muhammad's followers and that resisting would lead to unnecessary bloodshed, for a lost cause. Thus, having militarily defeated the Meccans, the Muslims took over Mecca and, due to Muhammad being their leader, it was only fitting for him to be handed over the control.
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December 1981 in the Bahamas.
Fights between the Meccans and the Medinans, particularly during the early Islamic period, were rooted in political, economic, and religious tensions. The Meccans, who were primarily polytheistic and benefitted from trade and pilgrimage, opposed the monotheistic teachings of Muhammad and his followers. The Medinans, who embraced Islam, supported Muhammad and sought to protect their new religious community, leading to conflicts such as the Battles of Badr and Uhud. These clashes were ultimately about the struggle for power and the survival of the nascent Muslim community.
Cassius Clay
Pro-Muslim ViewMuslims in the early beginning of Islam were tortures, deprived from their human rights, lost their properties, ... etc. However, when they succeeded to get Makkah (or Mecca) they had forgiven all the Makkans (or Meccans) and didn't get back their own properties. They only removed all the statues of worship that were put around Kaabah and left back to Medina (or AlMadinah).Pro-Meccan ViewMecca was known prior to Muhammad as a religiously pluralistic community with numerous types of religions, such as Jews, Christians, Hubalists, Rahmanists, and others. Part of this pluralism was a respect of different faiths. When Muhammad initially preached the Tawhid, the unity of God, as the basis of Islam, the Meccans had no issue with him. When Muhammad demanded that the idols in the Kaaba be smashed, which would violate this principle of religious pluralism, Meccan leaders plotted to assassinate Muhammad to prevent the much larger social outcry if some of those idols were destroyed.Muhammad and the nascent Muslim community fled to Yethrib, which they renamed Medina. Unlike Mecca, which was a commercial center, life in Medina was poor and less exciting. With a bitter taste in his mouth due to his experience in Mecca, Muhammad began the ghazzawat (غزوات) which were raids made by Muslims on caravans heading to or departing from Mecca in order to loot their goods and kill their owners. After over 27 distinct ghazzawat, the Meccans sent an emissary begging Muhammad to cease killing and stealing from the innocent merchants. Muhammad would not back down, forcing Mecca to launch an offensive war to subdue Medina and protect their merchants.There were nearly five years of war, which the Meccans eventually lost due to Muslim resilience and better battle tactics. This led to the surrender of Mecca. Included with this surrender was Muhammad's banning of all of the previously acceptable religions except Judaism and Christianity, which would be repressed, and the destruction of all of the idols in the Kaaba.