The tribal arrangement in Israel was based on descent from the 12 sons of Jacob. These twelve family heads produced the "twelve tribes of Israel." Two Tribes made up the Northern Kingdom of Isarel, Judah and Benjamin. The other 10 Tribes made up the Southern Kingdom of Israel. 1 Kings 11:29-38
the kingdom of israel and southern kingdom of judah
The northern and southern kingdoms of Israel divided around 930 BC, after the death of King Solomon. This division was a result of political and religious tensions between the tribes of Israel. The northern kingdom became known as Israel, with Samaria as its capital, while the southern kingdom became known as Judah, with Jerusalem as its capital.
The southern kingdom of Israel, known as Judah, consisted of two tribes: Judah and Benjamin. This division occurred after the united monarchy split into the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah following the reign of King Solomon. The tribe of Levi was also present in Judah, serving in religious roles, but the primary tribes associated with the southern kingdom are Judah and Benjamin.
The ten northern tribes of Israel formed the Kingdom of Israel, also known as the Northern Kingdom, after the united monarchy split around 931 BCE. This kingdom existed alongside the Southern Kingdom of Judah, which comprised the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. The Kingdom of Israel had its capital in Samaria and was characterized by a series of dynastic changes and conflicts with Judah until its conquest by the Assyrian Empire in 722 BCE.
In 722 BCE the Assyrians captured Samaria completing their conquest of the northern Kingdom of Israel and the ten northern tribes. The two southern tribes - Judah and Benjamin were later taken over by Babylon.
It was the capital of the Northern Kingdom of the Ten Tribes of Israel, yes.
The kingdom made up of the ten northern tribes was known as the Kingdom of Israel.
The kingdom of Israel lost access to an easy trade route when the twelve tribes divided. This division resulted in the formation of the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah. Without a united front, Israel lost control of important trade routes, impacting its economic prosperity.
After King Solomon's death, Israel separated into two Kingdoms - the Northern Kingdom of Israel which consisted primarily of 10 of the 12 tribes of Israel, and the Southern Kingdom of Judah which consisted primarily of tribe of Judah and Benjamin. It should be noted however, that each Kingdom had members of all 12 tribes of Israel.
Solomon and his father David were heads of a loose federation of Hebrew tribes, known to the Egyptians as Habiru - brigands and herders who were in the Judean hills. The stories of their grand kingdoms are much exaggerated - there seem to be no remains of Solomon's many palaces. The successor chiefs split into two groups - the 10 tribes of the north (Israell) and the two tribes in the south (Judea). It was after that that Solomon's successors established real kingdoms, and they were soon taken over - by the Assyrians in the north, and the Babylonians in the south, then both by Persia.
Rehav'am (Rehoboam), the son of King Solomon, became king over the southern kingdom, after the ten northern tribes broke away under Yerav'am (Jeroboam). The southern kingdom, known as Judah, consisted of Judah and Benjamin, two tribes, and continued until the First Destruction a few centuries later. Whereas the ten northern tribes were collectively called Israel, and went lost after their exile, which occurred about 275 years after the split (133 years before the First Destruction).
After Solomon's death, the Kingdom of Israel split into two separate kingdoms. Ten northern tribes formed the Kingdom of Israel, led by Jeroboam, while the southern tribes of Judah and Benjamin remained loyal to Solomon's son, Rehoboam, establishing the Kingdom of Judah. This division marked a significant turning point in the history of the Israelite people.