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Ezra was presumably active during the time of Persian king Artaxerxes II, but some think he was active during the reign of Artaxerxes I which would make him a contemporary of Nehemiah. The Book of Ezra (7:1ff) gives Ezra the same genealogy as 1 Chronicles (5:34ff) gave Jesus ben Yehozedek 100 years earlier, apparently making them brothers in spite of the difference of so many years. There must at the very least have been some confusion about the historicity of Ezra. With the many parallels between the actions of Ezra and Nehemiah, some believe it is possible that Ezra was a priestly fiction.

Ezra 5:2 says that Zerubbabel began to build the Temple, completing it (Ezra 6:15) in the sixth year of the reign of Darius, obviously before the time of Nehemiah or Ezra. Nehemiah 6:15 says the city wall was completed by Nehemiah in 52 days.

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