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The orthodox (Catholic) Christian Church had come to accept that Jesus was uncreated and equal to God the Father. Arius, a popular Libyan priest, declared that Jesus, while divine, was not divine in the same way as God the Father. He was a creation of God. Arianism became a major sect of Christianity and eventually even Emperor Constantius was keen for the orthodox Church to accept the Arian creed The Arian doctrine was declared heretical, and the Council of Nicaea adopted the concept of the Holy Trinity, A description that Christ was 'of like essence' to God was also adopted at a synod in 358. In 381, the Council of Constantinople asserted the deity of the Holy Spirit and acknowledged the position taken at Nicaea that the Father and Son were of identical substance.

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