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The Sanhedrin (Jewish court) consisted of the greatest Torah-Sages of those generations. From the time of Moses until Ezra, it was simply called The Elders (Exodus ch.5; Numbers ch.11). For about eight centuries during the Second Temple era and afterward, the title of Sanhedrin was used. Small Sanhedrins of 23 sages functioned in the towns; while final authority rested with the Sanhedrin of 71 sages, which sat adjacent to the Holy Temple.

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