No, the chief priests and pharisees said it was blasphemy that he was pretending to be God but he was God so in effect they convicted themselves. Jesus said "Thus fullfills the scriptures - They hated me without cause". Pilate also stated 'I find no fault in this man', but went on to condemn him anyway under pressure from the Jews. Thus, in the sense of Roman justice under which Jesus was condemned it was illegal. Probably Pilate, whose friend and protector Sejanus had been found guilty of plotting against Caesar was ultra-sensitive to the comment 'if you release this man you are not Caesar's friend.' He sensed the possibility of being implicated with Sejanus and this clever ploy by the Jews of introducing Roman politics had the desired effect. He dared not be seen to be taking sides with someone who was another King. It is ironical that the Jews used this ploy as they hated the Roman rule, yet used this lever to get the desired result.
Barabbas was the criminal that was released at the trial of Jesus.
Jesus was put on trial before the Roman governor Pilate.
no
The trial court does not make the final decision in the legal process.
Yes, a defendant can request a jury trial in their legal proceedings.
Yes.
Trial by combat is not legal in modern legal systems. It was a practice used in medieval times to settle disputes, but it is no longer recognized as a legitimate form of legal resolution.
Yes, individuals have the right to a speedy trial according to the legal system.
Approximately 2-3 of cases in the legal system actually go to trial.
Venue
The term "ordinary trial" has no legal meaning - you are probably referring to a trial conducted in a court of original jursidction.
According to Acts of the Apostles, Paul spent his childhood in Jerusalem, learning under the famous Gamaliel I, so, on that evidence, he could have been at the trial of Jesus. However, scholars say that there is no evidence in any of the epistles that he was in Jerusalem during the lifetime of Jesus, in which case he could not have been present at the trial. Certainly, Paul never mentions having seen Jesus before his crucifixion. The gospels do not mention John as in attendance at the trial of Jesus. .