Yes, they were conquered by:
Unlike most other conquered nations, the Hebrews refused to assimilate.
The three civilizations that conquered the Hebrews were: Egypt, Assyrians, and Chaldeans. The Hebrews went through a cycle of being captured, enslaved, and freed.
Yes. In fact, the Babylonians conquered the Hebrews in 586 BCE.
No, but the Assyrians, Persians, and Babylonians all oppressed and/or conquered the Hebrews.(Note: there is a theory that the Phoenicians WEREthe ancient Hebrews).
Many more than 5 empires conquered the Hebrews. See the inexhaustive list below: Egyptians Babylonians Persians Assyrian-Greeks Romans Muslims Spain Nazis Bolsheviks
No. Egypt was around thousands of years before the Hebrews ever arrived.
According to the Torah, they only conquered the Canaanites. Some historians and scientists theorize that they actually *WERE* the Canaanites.
yes
It was a system of barter. They traded what ever they have for something they needed.
Just about everybody. Some conquerors include: the Assyrians, the Babylonians, the Egyptians, the Persians, the Hellenic Greeks, the Romans, etc.
Yes
No. Long before they were ever taken/exiled to Babylon, the Hebrews/Jews/Israelites were a vibrant, flourishing nation in what is now Israel.