First century Rome was ruled by Ceasar with an iron fist.
Rome.
The Roman emperor at the time of Jesus' death was Tiberius.
By the time Christianity came to Rome, Jesus was the honored Teacher, One who gave a new philosophy to his followers.
Augustus Caesar
Rome ruled the Holy Land during Jesus' time so anyone in power--political and religious had to cooperate with Rome. Messianic religions which called for the overthrow of Rome's rule were suppressed and/or controlled.
Pilate was the governor and Ceaser was ruler.
There is no definitive historical record indicating that Jesus ever traveled to Rome during his lifetime. The majority of accounts of his life focus on his time in the region of modern-day Israel and surrounding areas.
Peter was standing in the courtyard near the high priest's house when he denied Jesus for the second time.
They used lead pipes , which the Romans used in Rome.
Augustus was emperor of Rome at the time of Jesus' birth
Well Rome was the super power at the time, so the emperor.
As that area was under the Roman power they were under their rule and harsh treatments.