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Many of these holidays are found in Leviticus ch.23. The holidays begin at sunset and last until after nightfall around 25 hours later.

A list of Jewish holidays and occasions:
  • Shabbat - every Saturday (beginning Friday at sunset)
  • Rosh Chodesh - the new moon, every 29 or 30 days
  • Rosh Hashanah - the Jewish New Year, 2 days
  • Sukkot - Tabernacles - 7 or 8 days
  • Shemini Atzeret and Simchat Torah - 1 or 2 days
  • Hanukkah - Festival of Lights - 8 days
  • Tu Bishvat - New Year of the Trees - 1 day
  • Purim - 1 day, followed by 1 day of Shushan Purim
  • Pesach - Passover - 7 or 8 days
  • Lag Ba'omer - 1 day
  • Shavuot - Feast of Weeks; Yom HaBikurim; Pentecost - 2 days
  • Tu B'Av - 1 day

Each festival has its specific laws:
  • On Rosh Hashanah, the shofar (ram's horn) is blown, to mark the beginning of the Jewish year.
  • On Sukkot Jews eat all their meals in outdoor arbor-canopied booths (Sukkah) in order to commemorate the Israelites' wanderings in the desert. Some will also sleep in the Sukkah. During the morning prayers on these days, we take the 4 minim consisting of a Lulav (young palm branch), an Etrog (Citrus Medica; citron), three Haddassim (Myrtle branches) and two Aravot(willow branches).
  • On Hannukah the 8 branched menora is lit in the home; on the first night one candle, on the 2nd night 2 candles, until all 8 candles are lit on the 8th night.
  • On Pesach leavened bread, cakes, pasta etc. are forbidden and unleavened Matzah is substituted. Passover begins with the Seder-meal commemorating and retelling the story of the Exodus. Matzah and ceremonial foods are eaten at the Seder.
  • On Purim the story of Esther is read from a Megilat-Esther scroll and food baskets are given to friends and charity to the poor.
  • On Shavuot the custom is to stay up all night studying Torah to mark the date that God gave the Ten Commandments.
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