Kneelers
Prayer cusions have different names in different languages. In Urdu it is called Jai Namaz.
Another name for prayer cushions is "meditation cushions" or "zafu".
Cushions can be traced back to ancient China where they were developed for Monks and high-ranking devotees to kneel or sit on during prayer, or meditating. They were also used by the Emperor and his family for sitting in the palace.
I think it's called "Foam"
Kneeling cushions are called hassocks
The membrane that surrounds the embryo and is filled with fluids that cushions and protects the embryo is called the amniotic sac or amnion.
There isn't any Hebrew prayer called "habet"
cartilage
The prayer at the end of a Sikh service is called the Ardas.
The building for a Muslim prayer is called a Mosque
The Shema prayer.
The fatty tissue that covers and cushions the symphysis pubis is called the mons pubis. It is a rounded, fatty area located over the pubic bone in females.
For a great resource on prayer for judgment check out: http://prayerforjudgment.com