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The seven sacraments are rites of passages that believers as a whole must complete to obtain salvation. Though not everyone has to complete all of them.

The seven sacraments are:

1. Baptism

2. Confirmation

3. Confession (Penance)

4. Holy Communion

5. Marriage or Matrimony

6. Holy Orders

7. The Anointing of the Sick

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Catholic AnswerThe three Sacraments of Initiation are Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Communion. In the Western Rite, you receive them as Baptism, Penance, Holy Eucharist, and Confirmation. Holy Orders and Matrimony are received later in life, and Anointing near the end. Penance and Baptism are known as sacraments of the dead as they can be validly and fruitfully received by a person who is not in a state of grace, and, if needed, anointing of the sick. The rest are sacraments of the living, which means one must be in a state of grace to receive them. Of these, four (Eucharist, Confirmation, Matrimony and Holy Orders), however, confirmation, matrimony, and priesthood are received validly even in a state of sin, which means that you are validly confirmed, married, or ordained even if you were not in a state of grace. You would not receive the grace from the sacrament until you validly receive penance. The Sacraments are sometimes grouped as:

Sacraments of Service: Holy Orders and Matrimony

Sacraments of Initation: Baptism, Confirmation, and Eucharist

Sacraments of Healing: Penance and Unction (Anointing)

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from The Baltimore Catechism:

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574. Q. What is a Sacrament?

A. A Sacrament is an outward sign instituted by Christ to give grace.

577. Q. How many Sacraments are there?

A. There are seven Sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Penance, Extreme Unction [Anointing], Holy Orders, and Matrimony.

581. Q. Do the Sacraments recall in any way the means by which Our Lord merited the graces we receive through them?

A. The Sacraments recall in many ways the means by which Our Lord merited the graces we receive through them. Baptism recalls His profound humility; confirmation His ceaseless prayer; Holy Eucharist His care of the needy; Penance His mortified life; Extreme Unction His model death; Holy Orders His establishment of the priesthood, and Matrimony His close union with the Church.

582. Q. Give, for example, the outward sign in Baptism and Confirmation.

A. The outward sign in Baptism is the pouring of the water and the saying of the words of Baptism. The outward sign in Confirmation is the anointing with oil, the saying of the words of Confirmation and the placing of the Bishop's hands over the person he confirms.

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