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The Pope is the head of the Vatican city state in his political role. Vatican city is pretty much all that is left of the papal states, the pope has full sovereign power in Vatican city, Vatican city is a member of the United nations as well.

The pope could also be considered to rule the diocese of Rome, if you refer solely to the spiritual city of Rome and not the secular Rome. The authority of the Pope springs from his succession from St peter as bishop of Rome

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14y ago

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