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The two accounts of creation were written down by different sources at different times and places.

The second account, Genesis 2:4b to 2:15, is actually the older account in the Judaic religion, and dates from around the eighth century BCE, or even earlier. It says that there was pre-existing dry land, but God had yet to make it rain for plants to grow. A spring arose and God took some moist clay and made Adam. The name he uses here for God is the Tetragrammaton - YHWH (Yahweh, which is often translated into English as 'Jehovah'), the name used consistently by this author.

The first account, in Genesis 1:1-2:4a, is attributed to the anonymous source now known as the Priestly Source, writing during the Babylonian Exile. It is very similar in some ways to the creation account of the Babylonians.

The Priestly Source clearly felt that the original creation story in Genesis was not theologically suitable. It did not explain where the sun, moon and stars came from, and presented God's powers as somewhat limited, in that he could not make living things out of nothing but had to make Adam and the animals out of clay. So, he wrote a creation account in which God's powers are supreme - he simply spoke things into existence. The name he uses here for God is El Shaddai - 'God Almighty' - consistent with this notion of an all-powerful God. The chronology also explained the importance of the Sabbath day, the day when God rested, although the somewhat older explanation in Deuteronomy 5:15 says the Sabbath day is a commemoration of the Exodus from Egypt.

This then raises the question of why the Priestly Source did not simply remove the older account and replace it by his own. There are several instances in which the Priestly Source felt unable to remove an earlier passage, perhaps because he felt that the Jews would resist the removal of favourite passages. Even more significant in this case is that the second creation story is too closely tied to subsequent passages about Adam and Eve, Cain and Abel, and their descendants.
For more information, please visit: http://christianity.answers.com/theology/the-story-of-creation

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