It really depends on who you ask. Traditional Jews believe that ALL Jews are obligated to follow the 613 commandments of the Torah. About 2/3 of these laws are not able to be followed in modern times, in the absence of the Ancient Holy Temple.
Non-orthodox Jews have many different opinions on this. In fact, Orthodox Jews also have many different opinions. And even among the Orthodox, there are differences between Ashkenazic and Sefardic laws.
If we had to summarize a generality for all Jews, it would be this statement by Rabbi Hillel:
"What is hateful to you, do not do to another. All the rest of the laws are just commentary. Now go study!"
All Jews who care about Jewish law.
All the ceremonial law kept the Jews from mingling with the Gentiles, Gal.3:24.
Jewish law does not allow eating pork, but not all Jews follow this law.
No.
The Law of Return is an Israeli law that grants Jews the right to immigrate to Israel and become citizens. It is based on the belief in the ingathering of the Jewish people to their ancestral homeland.
The Torah, the Talmud, and the Code of Jewish Law.
Orthodox Jews follow nearly all the laws. Conservative follow some, but not all. Reform Jews follow little or none of the laws.
Israel's law of return guarantees citizenship to all Jews. (There are issues and debates about the definition of who is a Jew, and how you prove you are Jewish.)
The presidential signiture
Jews who strictly observe Jewish law are referred to as Orthodox Jews.
They had to hate jews even if they liked them (it was their job)
They had to hate jews even if they liked them (it was their job)