This depends on the denomination of the church in question.
In a Catholic church you generally find a main altar (and some times smaller side altars in side chapels). A tabernacle (this is usually set into the wall and is like a safe) which holds the transubstantiated bread which usually has a sanctuary lamp near it (this is generally covered by a red glass cover). There will usually be a lectern from which the lessons are read and the sermon is delivered. There is actually a chair near the altar which is called the priests or presidential chair. There will usually be a bible somewhere to be read. Often in a catholic church there will also be a series of fourteen pictures on the walls depicting the steps of Christ's passion, these are part of a semi-liturgical devotion known as the Way of the Cross. There will also generally be a large candle stick near the altar, this is the Paschal candle, and it is lit during baptisms and confirmation and during the Easter season. There will often be candle sticks on the altar, these are used during the mass. There may also be icons (usually of the Virgin Mary) with candle stands in front of them where the faithful will burn candles in their devotions to which ever saint. Alternately there may be statues of various saints which are also items of devotion of the faithful. All catholic churches are also required to have a crucifix (a cross with the body of Christ depicted on it). There is often a font also on display in churches (this is the large open bowl in which children are generally baptized.)
Anglican or Episcopal churches are very similar, however they may not have statues or may have fewer of them, and their sanctuary lamps generally hang from the ceiling. They are also more likely to have a plain cross rather than a crucifix on or near the altar. Lutherans are also similar to this, however they may be more sparse again and not have even a tabernacle or sanctuary lamp.
I cannot answer as much about the more Evangelical Protestant Church however from what i have seen, they tend to have little more than rows of pews, a lectern, a table and maybe a cross along with possibly a choir section behind the lectern.
In a church a vicar will read a prayer and you shall be silent.
church services often have something to do with god or Christianity
you turn to a man of a church
You can grow spiritually by working with a church, get to see what happens behind the scenes of the church, get paid, etc
An Archbishop is basically an elevated Bishop. So, a Bishop will usually take the place of the deceased Archbishop. The church can still function, so nothing really "happens" to the church itself.
you have to call your chosen church and set an appointment
The dark ages.
They exploded.
They are used to fund the church or to be donated. It depends on the church and how much money it has/makes.
A Christmas Mass is said.
The congregation listen as they do with any preacher.
You have to leave everything behind. Moreover if you are a celebrity you have to pay A LOT of money to the church as a 'voluntary' donation.