What is a group of people related by kinship
A good Catholic.
There is only one Catholic Church. There are no divisions. There are some non-Catholic denominations who call themselves Catholic but who are not Catholic, they are Protestant. If the church is not united under the pope in Rome, it is not a Catholic Church.
Protestants did not, and still do not, accept that the Pope is the head of the Church or that the water and wine in the mass literally becomes the body of Christ. The Protestant movement challenged the Church's authority which had been dominant in Europe for many centuries before and probably made the Catholic Church became more militant in its teachings as it strove to retrieve those who had left it. For some it may well have been a wake-up call that the Catholic Church could not take its influence in Europe for granted.
cath-laphobic :}
The Laity.
Pope
I presume you are talking about the 'Roman Catholic Church' made up of congregations entirely in union with the pope. There are thousands of Catholic parishes in California. There are a number of churches that call themselves Catholic but that are not - The American Catholic Church, The American Charismatic Catholic Church, for example, which do not recognize the pope as the leader of the Church.
No, the Catholic Church is the Christian Church, the original Christian Church. The Episcopal Church is a Protestant Church and not Catholic. To be Catholic a Church must accept the pope as the leader of the Church as well as other Catholic doctrines. The Episcopal Church does not.
Popes, cardinals, archbishops and bishops
One of them- no church can monopolize or call itself superior to others
In the catholic Church there are no female priests or friars.
It is simply called heresy which means denying the teaching of the church which is the truth.An answer in a word:excommunication