Halal
No they do not. They don't keep kosher. However they do not meet pig meat either.
No. Islamic dietary is like a kosher diet you cannot eat milk with meat.
No, they are equivalent.
The Islamic equivalent of the Christian Holy Bible is the Quran.
No, they are equivalent.
Yes it is. Now there is a distinction between what is Halal (permitted) and what is Thabeeha (Islamic slaughtering of meat which has certain specific requirements that may not be done in Kosher slaughtering). But permitted would be anything that is truly Kosher.
There is no worldwide leader of Islam.
Halal. It is like the equivalent of Jewish Kosher, but for Muslims.
There isn't one
Jermaine is the English Equivalent of the Latin Germanus which was the name of several Christian Saints. There is no equivalent Arab Name to Germanus. (Most traditionally Islamic Names are from Arabic.)
Completely - no. In part - yes; and for various reasons. Some Christians try to observe the literal laws of the Torah. Some Muslims buy kosher meat when they have no source of Halal meat (meat prepared in Islamic tradition). And some Westerners, particularly in America but kosher meat (or other products) because of the generally high standards of cleanliness and/or healthiness in kosher food.
Neither. The Islamic equivalent is called a mosque.