The five sorrowful mysteries are
1. Agony in the Garden
2. Scourging at the Pillar
3. Crowning of Thorns
4. Carrying the Cross
5. Crucifixion
the sorrowful mystery
The four mysteries are joyful mysteries, glorious mysteries, sorrowful mysteries and the luminous mysteries.
Second Sorrowful Mystery - The Scourging at the Pillar
it is a meditation on the suffering of Jesus while praying the rosary
Traditionally, the Rosary consisted of three mysteries concerning the life of Christ: The Joyful Mysteries, the Sorrowful Mysteries and the Glorious Mysteries. Each Mystery has five meditations assigned to it, during which the person prays an Our Father, 10 Hail Mary's and a Glory Be on the beads - this sequence is known as a "decade of the Rosary". If you pray an entire 15 decade Rosary that means you have pondered all 3 mysteries through the 5 meditations for each mystery which totals 15 decades. Recently, the pope added one more mystery, the Luminous Mysteries with 5 more meditations, so technically this now makes a full Rosary a 20 decade Rosary. The Rosary devotion dates back to the time of St. Dominic who was given it by the Blessed Virgin Mary as a powerful devotion to her for the asking of powerful graces, especially those of converting heretics.
As a private devotion, the Rosary does not have any absolute requirements on how it is said. Normally, the Joyful Mysteries are prayed on Mondays and Saturdays, the Sorrowful on Tuesdays and Fridays, the Glorious on Wednesdays and Sundays, and the Luminous on Thursdays. However, it would permissible to pray any of the mysteries any day and it seems fitting to pray the Joyful Mysteries on Christmas Day. There are also other forms of the Rosary, such as the Franciscan Crown Rosary, which might be appropriate.
In one way or another every mystery of the Rosary contains Our Blessed Lord.
No, for those who do not say the entire rosary everyday, the Church has recommended a plan, wherein you pray the entire rosary twice a week: Sunday - Glorious Monday - Joyful Tuesday - Sorrowful Wednesday - Glorious Thursday - Luminous Friday - Sorrowful Saturday - Joyful That being said, in the old days, when there were only three sets of mysteries, the entire rosary was prayed in six days, so Sunday was usually reserved for the set of mysteries of the season in which you were, thus from 24 December until the Epiphany, you said the Joyful mysteries on Sunday, then the Sorrowful during Lent, and the Glorious during Easter.
the joyful mysteries
The finding of Jesus in the temple
To say the rosary, begin with the Sign of the Cross, then recite the Apostles' Creed. On each bead, say an Our Father, followed by a Hail Mary for each of the ten beads in a decade, and conclude with a Glory Be. After each decade, reflect on a specific mystery from the Joyful, Sorrowful, Glorious, or Luminous mysteries before moving to the next decade, finishing with the Hail Holy Queen at the end.
Meditating on the sorrowful mysteries of the holy rosary can provide insights into the suffering and sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the importance of forgiveness and redemption, and the strength of faith in times of trial. It can also deepen one's understanding of the human experience of pain and sorrow, and inspire reflection on the power of love and compassion in overcoming adversity.