We don't do only after prayer but there are different names. Here are some: tikka, bindi, sindhoo-i can't spell the last one, and many more.
The dot is called a bindhi, and its just fashion
The caps that Amish women wear are commonly called "prayer caps" or "head coverings." These caps are typically white and are worn as a symbol of modesty and humility.
some of them do not most
Tefillin (Jewish name) or Phylacteries (Greek name). These boxes contain parchments with Torah-verses written on them and are worn by Jewish men during the morning prayer. See Deuteronomy ch.6.
"Could you please lower your head in prayer and seek guidance during this challenging time?"
Not necessarily. Hindus stand in front of god when they are praying in a temple. They sit in front of god when they are praying at home.
Professor crumbs
The place where the river begins is called a source.
Andaman nicobar
From a spring at a place called Thames Head.
To have a roof over your head is considered a blessing. So as an act of gratitude, people tend to offer the best place inside the house for God.
Men in Islam do not cover their heads during prayer. Women do so to cover their hair.