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With the abolition of the monarchy in 1931, the new coalition brutally suppressed the Catholic Church and mob attacks on the clergy and churches were supported by the government, which announced that Spain was no longer "Catholic" and everyone was equal under the new Democracy except Catholics. Five years later a rebellion led by General Francisco Franco (d. 1975) which led to a bitter civil war in which around 6,500 priests and religious were killed, many savagely butchered.

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