When he says they in his speech who is the pastor niemoller referring to?

Answer 1

In his speech, Pastor Martin Niemöller is referring to various groups of people who were persecuted by the Nazi regime in Germany. He famously highlights the silence of those who did not speak out against the injustices faced by others, including Jews, communists, trade unionists, and others. The "they" represents those groups who were targeted, as well as the broader society that failed to defend them. Ultimately, Niemöller's message serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of indifference and the importance of standing up against oppression.