utility, rights, justice, and caring
Norms with great moral significance attached to them are typically referred to as moral norms or ethical norms. These are principles or rules governing what is considered good and right behavior within a particular society or culture. They serve as guidelines for individuals to make ethical decisions and behave in a manner that is consistent with societal values and beliefs.
Principles are derived from various sources such as ethics, values, laws, cultural norms, and personal beliefs. They serve as guidelines to help individuals make decisions and navigate ethical dilemmas in their personal and professional lives.
Ethical norms refer to principles or standards of behavior that are considered morally right, whereas laws are rules and regulations established by a government that must be followed and enforced. While ethical norms are based on personal values and principles, laws are legally binding and can carry penalties if not followed. Ethical norms are more subjective and can vary among different cultures or individuals, while laws are more objective and universally applicable within a specific legal jurisdiction.
Norms that are purely internal are personal beliefs or values that individuals hold without external influence. These norms are based on an individual's own principles and convictions, guiding their behavior and decisions.
Respect for others' autonomy is a general ethical norm that involves recognizing and honoring individuals' right to make decisions for themselves. This principle underlies the idea of informed consent in various fields such as healthcare and research.
unless the ethical norms are written into law, they are not enforceable and, to some extent, remain a matter of personal opinion.
The rectitude of human acts refers to the moral correctness or rightness of an action. It is determined by whether the action aligns with moral principles, values, and norms. Understanding the rectitude of human acts helps individuals make ethical decisions and live in accordance with their beliefs.
The ethical principle of autonomy emphasizes the right of individuals to make informed decisions about their own lives and bodies. It recognizes the importance of personal freedom and self-determination, allowing individuals to act according to their values and beliefs. In healthcare, this principle requires that patients be provided with all relevant information to make informed choices about their treatment options. Respecting autonomy involves acknowledging and supporting individuals' choices, even when they differ from societal norms or professional opinions.
Right reason refers to the quality of making decisions or judgments based on logical, rational, and ethical principles. It involves using sound logic and moral principles to arrive at well-founded conclusions or actions. Essentially, it is about making decisions that are justified and in accordance with logical principles and ethical norms.
Ethical norms are essential for maintaining stability and harmony in social life, where people interact with one another.
Allocation norms refer to guidelines or principles that specify how resources should be distributed or divided among different entities or individuals. These norms can vary across different contexts, such as in economics, psychology, or sociology, and are often shaped by cultural, ethical, or legal considerations.
Ethical perspectives are personal or cultural viewpoints that shape how individuals understand and approach moral issues, often influenced by factors such as upbringing, religion, or societal norms. In contrast, ethical theories are systematic frameworks that provide structured reasoning and principles for determining what is right or wrong, such as utilitarianism or deontology. While ethical perspectives can vary widely among individuals, ethical theories aim for broader applicability and consistency in moral reasoning. Thus, ethical perspectives are often subjective, while ethical theories strive for objective analysis.