Isaac Lesser
Abraham is known as the father of Judaism, but there is no person known as "the leader of Judaism".
Orthodox Judaism.
Judaism is divided into 3 main branches, which are Reform, Conservative, and Orthodox, although there is a form of orthodox Judaism known as Hassidic Judaism which might be described as ultra-orthodox. Reform Judaism is a modernized version in which Jews do not have to wear special religious clothing (such as the skull-cap or yarmulka) except on special occasions, and in which the demands of the religion are relatively moderate. Conservative Judaism requires Jewish men to wear their religious head-gear at all times, and requires more ritual observance than Reform Judaism. Orthodox (or ultra-orthodox) Judaism makes no compromises with the modern world, insisting upon every traditional detail of Judaism as it existed earlier in history. Being an orthodox Jew could be described as a full-time occupation. It is a very demanding religion.
Oh, dude, yes, "Orthodox" is capitalized when referring to the Eastern Orthodox Church or Jewish Orthodox communities. But, like, if you're just talking about something being orthodox in a general sense, then nah, keep it lowercase. Easy peasy, right?
Even though there are different patriarchs for the 12 branches of The Orthodox Church, The Ecumenical Patriarch is currently Bartholomew I .
The head of the Orthodox Church is Jesus Christ, and it does not have a global leader, like a pope. The highest authority in the Orthodox Church is an Ecumenical Council, or Synod of worldwide bishops. The Ecumenical Patriarch is considered to be 'first among equals' in terms of hierarchy, but he cannot interfere in the decisions of other jurisdictions. The current spiritual leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians is His All-Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew, in Constantinople (now known as Istanbul).
A ‘Greek Orthodox’ Christian is a Christian who comes under the Orthodox Church of Greece. In the rest of the world, he or she would be known as an Orthodox Christian. The name "greek orthodox" should not be used to describe Orthodox Christians in other countries outside of Greece. There is no nationality in the Orthodox Church. It is open to people of all backgrounds, races and cultures. Orthodox Christians in Japan are Japanese Orthodox, Orthodox Christians in Russia are Russian Orthodox, Orthodox Christians in America are American Orthodox, etc.
The head of the Orthodox Church is Jesus Christ, and it does not have a global leader, like a pope. The highest authority in the Orthodox Church is an Ecumenical Council, or Synod of worldwide bishops. The Ecumenical Patriarch is considered to be 'first among equals' in terms of hierarchy, but he cannot interfere in the decisions of other jurisdictions. The current spiritual leader of the world's 350 million Orthodox Christians is His All-Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew, in Constantinople (known today as Istanbul).
The leader of Judaism is the patriarch of the family of priests, known in Hebrew as the Kohen Gadol or "high priest". The family are responsible for all services, operations, and activities in the Holy Temple. There has been no Holy Temple, no functioning family of priests, no Kohen Gadol, and no single leader of Judaism, for roughly 1,940 years.
Several sects of the Christian church, but not all Christians, acknowledge a "Pop":Catholic Church - PopeEastern Orthodox Churches - Pope and Patriarch of AlexandriaOriental Orthodox Churches - Pope of Alexandria
The leader of the Byzantine Church was known as the Patriarch of Constantinople. This position was prominent in the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Patriarch served as a spiritual leader and a key figure in theological and political matters within the Byzantine Empire. The Patriarch had significant influence over religious practices and was considered one of the highest ecclesiastical authorities in the Orthodox Christian world.
Christianity, Islam, and Judaism