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At various times, five books have been attributed to the apostle John - the Gospel that bears his name, three epistles and the Book of Revelation.

Scholars say that John's Gospel could not have been written or even dictated by an eyewitness to the events it describes, because the book was inspired by an early gospel, Luke, in addition to which some material was copied from Mark. They say that John could not have been written before the second century CE, which also rules out the involvement of John, due to the improbable age he would have been. In fact, John was written anonymously and only attributed to John later in the second century, probably by lrenaeus, who credited John the apostle with writing John's Gospel and the three epistles, in Against Heresies, written about 180 CE. Because Revelation is signed by a person called John, it came to be believed that its author was the same John, although the style and theology of Revelation is entirely different from the others.

There is every reason to believe that John wrote no material that forms part of the New Testament, and in any case the five books were written long after he must have been dead. We do not know who wrote the books that bear his name.

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