Jews argue for the same reason everyone else in the world argues - to prove their point on a subject two of them were talking about.
They were first called the Hebrews, then Israelites, then Judaeans, then Jews.
The questioner is very confused. 'Israelites' and 'Jews' don't distinguish themselves from one another, and aren't fighting one another. Where animosity exists, it's between Israelites/Jews/Hebrews and others whose prejudice is so strong that they cannot bear the thought of a country administered by Jews, or, indeed, of a live Jew.
Jews range from fair-skinned to dark (such as the Yemeni Jews and others). And by the way, to which "Hebrews" do you refer?
Today, we do not refer to Jews as Hebrews. Also, Jews do not have any customs about "keeping" hair.Orthodox Jews tend to keep their hair short.Today, we do not refer to Jews as Hebrews. Also, Jews do not have any customs about "keeping" hair.
Hebrew people later became called Israelites, then Judaeans, then Jews. Today they are called Jews.
The Jews of Persia were Hebrews that moved to Persia. They were the same people.
Israel is the home of Hebrews, but they are actually called Jews.
Judaism
The Ancient Hebrews are called Jews today.
NO. Abraham is considered the father of the Hebrews/Jews.
No. Hebrews were human. Today they prefer to be called "Jews".
All of these names are synonyms for Hebrews (in no particular order):IsraelitesChildren of IsraelBnei Yisra'elYisra'elJudaeansYehudimJews