When Our Lord appointed Peter as the first leader of His Church, he told him:
"I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven." ~ Matthew 16:19
The keys continue to be symbolic of the papacy today.
The Coat of Arms of the Vatican City might be considered the Pope's coat of arms since he is the Vatican's Head of State. The arms include crossed keys of silver and gold which symbolise the keys of the kingdom of heaven promised to Saint Peter.
St. Peter was the first pope. There is a symbolic proof in the Bible when Jesus gave Peter the keys to the kingdom of heaven and when He said "Peter you are the rock and up on this rock I will build my church."
The pope holds the proverbial 'keys of the Kingdom of Heaven.' When he died those 'keys' were surrendered to be passed on to the next pope.
It's from "The Society Of The Crossed Keys", the book that inspired the movie he was plugging, "The Grand Budapest Hotel". For an image of the crossed keys please see the accompanying link.
The papal banner, also known as the flag of the Holy See, features the crossed keys of Saint Peter and the Papal Tiara. The keys, one gold and one silver, symbolize the keys to Heaven given to Saint Peter, representing the Pope's authority. The background is typically white and yellow, reflecting the colors of the Vatican City. This banner is used during official ceremonies, papal events, and represents the Pope's sovereignty and the Catholic Church's mission.
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Peter was symbolically given the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven by Jesus.
the keys represent the time when god entusted saint Peter with the keys to heaven
The origin of Peter being thought of as the first Pope isn't Biblical. There may be some pagan influence particularly from the Roman god, Janus, who was the guardian of the gates and the doors to heaven and also used the emblem of the crossed keys which are now associated with the papacy. This pagan influence was then probably linked in with Matthew 16:19.
When Our Lord appointed Peter to lead the church as the first pope he said, "I will give you the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven. . . . . " Peter is usually pictured holding two keys.
While he was pope he wore red papal shoes, a symbol of his office. Now that he is retired and no longer the pope he wears brown or black shoes. The color has no symbolic meaning.
A pope does not have to change his name but most do. It is symbolic of Jesus changing the name of Simon to Peter at the time he named him as leader of his Church and the first pope.